Average lifespan of a turtle - Usually, tortoises reach their maximum size in 10 to 20 years. Also, the size of a tortoise is measured by the size of the carapace (The shell). To measure a tortoise, use a measuring tape. Measure the length of the tortoise by holding the measuring tape from one end of the shell to the other end.

 
Apr 13, 2016 · Other popular pet turtle species, like African Sideneck Turtles and Map Turtles, are generally expected to live 25 years or more. Meanwhile, terrestrial box turtles, which are illegal to breed or keep as pets in more than 20 states, have a potential lifespan of up to 100 years, and an average longevity of 40 to 50 years in captivity. . What are verified resale tickets

Answer: The average lifespan of an alligator snapping turtle is estimated to be around 20 to 70 years in the wild. However, in captivity, these turtles can live even longer, with some individuals reaching up to 100 years or more. Box turtles have a life expectancy of roughly 50 years but can survive in captivity for up to 100 years. The average box turtle’s lifespan is 40 – 50 years in the wild. However, box turtles have been known to live up to 100 years in captivity. Environment plays a huge factor in how long a box turtle may live.Lifespan/Longevity. Western box turtles are known to live between 30 to 37 years in the wild, with most living for about 32 years. The oldest known wild western box turtle was over 40 years old. The maximum longevity of this species in captivity averages 28.4 years, but may vary drastically depending on the way they are caught and handled ...Jun 17, 2020 ... Turtles mostly dwell in water and Tortoises generally dwell on land. Beside there is a huge difference in their average lifespan. Tortoise/ ...If a turtle survives its first few years, you can bet it will live far longer than you thought. Here are some of the most common pet turtles, as well as their …The maximum life expectancy of a sea turtle depends greatly on its specific species. In general, larger sea turtle species tend to live longer than smaller ones. Here are some typical lifespans for different turtle types: Green sea turtles: 50-80 years; Loggerhead sea turtles: 47-67 years; Leatherback sea turtles: 30-50 yearsFAQ. How long do sea turtles live? Sea turtles have a pretty long lifespan. On average, green sea turtles can live up to 80 years in the wild. Loggerhead sea turtles may live around 70 years.Box turtles are no exception and are known to live up to over 100 years in the wild. The average lifespan of a box turtle is about 40-50 years in the wild. They can live for up to 100 years in captivity with proper care and an average lifespan of 15 to 20 years. But what accounts for the difference between this turtle’s 40-50-year lifespan in ...Jun 17, 2020 ... Lifespan: Few sea turtles survive to adulthood. Sea turtles' natural lifespan is estimated to be 50 to 100 years. Threats: Over the last 200 ...The average lifespan for a dishwasher is nine years. Proper maintenance, such as cleaning the filter and completing minor repairs, helps the appliance last as long as possible. In ...The average lifespan of a box turtle is between 25 and 35 years. But many species of turtles live for a lot longer than that. Some are able to live for 100 years! A captive turtle may not be able to survive for as long as one in the wild. For example, Gulf Coast box turtles live for only 40 years in captivity, whereas wild turtles can live for ...Apple launched 20 new games Thursday on Apple Arcade including a new exclusive Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles title. Apple added 20 games to its subscription-based Apple Arcade servi... The first and most important is a stable and rational diet. In wildness, turtles are not as secure as in captivity. A captive Red-Eared Slider can live up to 20-30 years. However, this number varies greatly from the quality of its diet, the habitat you build, and other little but very important details. Mississippi Map Turtle Lifespan. Their average lifespan is mostly around 15 to 20 years in the wild, but they can live from 30 years or more when in captivity with proper husbandry. Mississippi Map Turtles will reach sexual maturity at about 4 to 6 years for males and around 8 to 14 years for females.Mar 20, 2022 · In short, with proper care, a captive-bred red-eared slider can live more than 20 years. However, most of them don’t live that long due to improper care by their owners. Most people have no idea that red-eared sliders can live that long. In some cases even 50 years. They just assume that these little pets live only several years, cause most ... Although life expectancy remains unconfirmed, they are long-lived and estimated to live 50 to 60 years. Every 1 to 5 years, female hawksbill turtles return to nest on beaches in the general areas where they hatched decades earlier. Hawksbills generally lay three to five nests per season, which each contain an average of 130 to 160 eggs. The average lifespan of a turtle varies depending on the species. Some species of turtles, such as the box turtle, can live for 40 years or more. Other species, such as the giant tortoise, can live for more than 100 years. In general, smaller species of turtles tend to have a shorter lifespan than larger species. The diamondback terrapin or simply terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is a species of terrapin native to the brackish coastal tidal marshes of the East Coast of the United States and the Gulf of Mexico coast, as well as in Bermuda. It belongs to the monotypic genus Malaclemys.It has one of the largest ranges of all turtles in …The average lifespan of a window air conditioner is 10 years. Here's what you can do if the system gives you trouble during this period. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos... Turtles have a very long life compared to other reptiles and animals. Most aquatic and land turtles and tortoises live around 40 years, but there are certain species that will live even longer than that, sea turtles usually live about 70 years. By making an average of the lifespan of all turtle species, 40 years is a good estimate. A well-known study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows that smoking can reduce one’s lifespan by up to 10 years. The average lifespan of a smoker depends on when...In short, with proper care, a captive-bred red-eared slider can live more than 20 years. However, most of them don’t live that long due to improper care by their owners. Most people have no idea that red-eared sliders can live that long. In some cases even 50 years. They just assume that these little pets live only … Turtle Lifespan by Species. Turtles’ lifespans range broadly between species. The Red-Eared Slider often lives between 20-30 years, while a Map Turtle may live up to 15. Larger species, like the Giant Tortoise, can exceed a century, with the Galapagos and Aldabra tortoises being prime examples. Wild vs Captive Lifespans. Wild Turtles ... They live from 60–100 years. Hingeback Tortoise lifespan -Hingeback tortoises live 50-90 years. Leopard tortoise lifespan – Leopard tortoises are long-lived gentle giants. The Giant South African cousin may live a tad longer but they are both expected to live at least 90 or more years. Pancake tortoise lifespan – Pancake …Due to the risk of predators and illness, the lifespan of painted turtles in the wild is usually 10-15 years. A painted turtle can live quite a long life in captivity. With proper care, the typical life span range for a painted turtle is 20 to 25 years in captivity. Their lifespan is influenced by the diet and care they receive. The average lifespan of a turtle varies depending on the species. Some species of turtles, such as the box turtle, can live for 40 years or more. Other species, such as the giant tortoise, can live for more than 100 years. In general, smaller species of turtles tend to have a shorter lifespan than larger species. A captive 300 kg sea turtle in the Guangzhou Aquarium in China is estimated to be 400 years old. If the claim is true, then it is the oldest turtle on the …Learn facts about the olive ridley sea turtle’s habitat, diet, life history, and more. Learn facts about the olive ridley sea turtle’s habitat, diet, life history, and more. ... Adult turtles are relatively small, averaging 2 to 2.5 feet (0.6 to 0.7 meters) in length and weighing 80 to 110 pounds (36 to 49 kilograms). The largest of these ...On average, aquatic turtles have a lifespan of 30-50 years depending on the care and species. Some turtle species like red-eared sliders and painted turtles live 15-20 years, while pond sliders, cooters and mud turtles usually live 20-30 years. Larger species such as softshell and snapping turtles often exceed 30 years.Lifespan. Box turtles generally live for 25-35 years but have been known to survive to over 100 years old! Food/Eating Habits. These opportunistic omnivores ...Turtle Lifespan. The Life Span of a Turtle Compared to Other Animals. A lot of people ask how old their pet turtles or tortoises will live for. The short answer to that question, a really long time. While turtles in captivity don’t tend to live as long as their wild counterparts, some can live longer than their human keepers.However, extinct giant horned turtles (Meiolaniidae) ... Life expectancy. Giant tortoises are among the world's longest-living animals, with an average lifespan of 100 years or more. The Madagascar radiated tortoise Tu'i Malila was 188 at her death in Tonga in 1965. Turtles have a very long life compared to other reptiles and animals. Most aquatic and land turtles and tortoises live around 40 years, but there are certain species that will live even longer than that, sea turtles usually live about 70 years. By making an average of the lifespan of all turtle species, 40 years is a good estimate. Mar 20, 2022 · In short, with proper care, a captive-bred red-eared slider can live more than 20 years. However, most of them don’t live that long due to improper care by their owners. Most people have no idea that red-eared sliders can live that long. In some cases even 50 years. They just assume that these little pets live only several years, cause most ... Jun 17, 2020 ... Lifespan: Few sea turtles survive to adulthood. Sea turtles' natural lifespan is estimated to be 50 to 100 years. Threats: Over the last 200 ...Some tortoises can live up to 150 years, while the average lifespan of a turtle is around 20-40 years. Size: Tortoises are usually much larger than turtles. They can reach weights of up to 200 pounds and shell lengths of 4 feet or more. Turtles, on the other hand, are generally smaller, with most species weighing less than 20 pounds and having ...The lifespan of sea turtles varies depending on the species, size, metabolism, water temperature, and habitat. For instance, the Kemp’s ridley sea turtle has a shorter lifespan of around 30 years, while the green sea turtle can live up to 80 years. The leatherback sea turtle, on the other hand, can live up to 100 years or more.Turtles and tortoises have a lifespan that is determined by their species. While certain species may have a lifespan of 10-20 years in captivity, others have the ability to survive for up to 150 years. With appropriate care, most turtle and tortoise species can endure for multiple decades and may even exceed 50 years of age.The Life Cycle of Sea Turtles. The life of a sea turtle starts when a female lays its eggs on a nesting beach, usually in the tropics. From six weeks to two months later (depending on the species), a tiny hatchling makes its way to the surface of the sand and heads to the water, dodging every predator imaginable.The average lifespan of a painted turtle in captivity is around 30 years. However, they are capable of living longer; a wild individual was confirmed at 61 years. Certain painted turtles may live shorter or longer depending on their subspecies, care, health, and other environmental factors. A healthy painted …PM2.5 is deadly. Particulate matter (PM) can be as deadly as tobacco smoking or even cancer. And India’s cities, which routinely rank among the world’s most polluted, are choking o... The first and most important is a stable and rational diet. In wildness, turtles are not as secure as in captivity. A captive Red-Eared Slider can live up to 20-30 years. However, this number varies greatly from the quality of its diet, the habitat you build, and other little but very important details. The average salary for millennials is behind where their parents were at similar ages. Find out what impacts millennial wages and how to improve them. Calculators Helpful Guides Co...Tortoises (/ ˈ t ɔːr. t ə s. ɪ z /) are reptiles of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines (Latin for "tortoise"). Like other turtles, tortoises have a shell to protect from predation and other threats. …Obviously, sea turtles requiring 40 to 50 years to mature will have life spans reaching at least 60 to 70 years. The giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands and Aldabra ( …Jan 7, 2022 · Wild red-eared sliders typically live for around 10 to 20 years on average. This estimate is notably a bit lower than the approximate lifespan for sliders kept in captivity. This is partially because turtles in the wild experience more environmental stressors than captive turtles, including predation, competition amongst themselves and other ... The average salary for millennials is behind where their parents were at similar ages. Find out what impacts millennial wages and how to improve them. Calculators Helpful Guides Co...When it comes to household appliances, the water heater is one that often goes unnoticed until it stops working. It’s an essential component of our daily lives, providing hot water...Eastern box turtles are one of the most commonly seen turtles in the wild. The reptile’s carapace is dome-shaped and covers most of its body, and has ridges and furrows that develop with age. The upper part of the turtle’s mouth is slightly hooked, and its toes are slightly webbed. On average, an eastern box turtle is about five to six ...Box Turtle: Lifespan: The average lifespan is almost 50 years, but with proper care or treatment, they can live up to 100 years or more. Most die between the age of 40 years to 50 years. Size: Box turtles grow to an adult size between 4.5 and 6 inches, with the largest recorded box turtle measuring an …May 7, 2018 ... Snapping turtles often live more than 100 years with a maximum theoretical life span of 170 years. While it is impossible to truly know a ...Severe injuries can also significantly shorten the lifespan of a turtle and some can even be fatal. Injuries such as dog attacks commonly lead to the death of the turtle. ... The average lifespan of a slider in captivity is 30 to 40 years, but they have been known to live up to 41.3 years and one slider named ‘Magoo’ is currently 65 years ...The average lifespan of a box turtle is between 25 and 35 years. But many species of turtles live for a lot longer than that. Some are able to live for 100 years! A captive turtle may not be able to survive for as long as one in the wild. For example, Gulf Coast box turtles live for only 40 years in captivity, whereas wild turtles can live for ...However, if a Red-Eared Slider lives long enough to become an adult, its life expectancy is far more than the life expectancy of a captive turtle. A wild Red-Eared Slider can live up to 70 years due to the natural habitat factors and the constant training of their immune system. Also, the volume of water they live in …While it is possible for Eastern box turtles to live for over 100 years, the average lifespan is around 50 years. Range: The Eastern box turtle is the ...Due to the risk of predators and illness, the lifespan of painted turtles in the wild is usually 10-15 years. A painted turtle can live quite a long life in captivity. With proper care, the typical life span range for a painted turtle is 20 to 25 years in captivity. Their lifespan is influenced by the diet and care they receive.Let’s explore the differences between a red-eared slider turtle’s average lifespan in captivity versus its average lifespan in the wild. When living out in nature, red-eared slider turtles have an average life expectancy of 10 to 15 years due to predation and other environmental factors such as extreme temperatures and disease. In contrast ... Leatherback turtles grow faster than hard-shelled turtles. However, there is uncertainty about the age at which they reach sexual maturity. Average estimates range from 9 to 20 years of age. Likewise, little is known about their life expectancy, but they are likely long-lived, with longevity estimates of 45 to 50 years, or more. Many resumes end up at the bottom of the pile, and with the results of a recent study highlighted by BusinessInsider, it's no wonder: recruiters only look at your resume for an ave...Lifespan of Turtles. The average lifespan of a turtle or tortoise is highly dependent on the species. Some species may only live 10 to 20 years in captivity, while …The average lifespan of a mourning dove is approximately a year and a half. According to the Wild Bird Watching website, mourning doves in their first year of life have a mortality rate of up to 75 percent, while adult mourning doves have a mortality rate of up to 60 percent. Following the survival of the first year, which is the hardest due to ...The average Western Painted Turtle can live in captivity for 25 to 30 years, sometimes even longer if they are properly cared for. That said, there are common diseases that aquatic turtles are susceptible to and that all prospective owners should be aware of. ... Vet-Reviewed Average Lifespan, Data & Care . By Nicole. Feb 2, 2024 - 6 min read ...Apr 13, 2016 · Other popular pet turtle species, like African Sideneck Turtles and Map Turtles, are generally expected to live 25 years or more. Meanwhile, terrestrial box turtles, which are illegal to breed or keep as pets in more than 20 states, have a potential lifespan of up to 100 years, and an average longevity of 40 to 50 years in captivity. In conclusion, the average lifespan of a turtle dove is approximately 3 to 5 years. This estimation is based on scientific research, personal experiences, and real-life examples. While several factors can influence their lifespan, including predation and habitat loss, it is clear that turtle doves have a relatively short life …Jul 18, 2023 · Green sea turtle. Credit: NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. The green sea turtle is the largest hard-shelled sea turtle. They are unique among sea turtles in that they are herbivores, eating mostly seagrasses and algae. This diet is what gives their fat a greenish color (not their shells), which is where their name comes from. When kept as pets with a high-quality habitat and optimal care, painted turtles’ average lifespan is 15-20 years, and sometimes even 25 years or more. Key factors that lead to longer lifespans in captivity include a safe environment, a varied diet, UVB lighting for calcium absorption, and access to veterinary care when needed.The largest and smallest sea turtles–the leatherback and the kemp's ridley, respectively–both have an average lifespan of 45 to 50 years. The Sea Turtle Life Cycle Birth A sea turtle’s life begins when a … 1. Average Lifespan of Turtles. The average lifespan of turtles can range from 20 to 100 years, depending on the species. For example, box turtles can live up to 100 years, while red-eared sliders have an average lifespan of 30 years. Some species of sea turtles can live up to 80 years. The lifespan of turtles can also depend on their ... The chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia) is a turtle native to the southeastern United States. ... This short lifespan means that the average female chicken turtle is active for fewer than ten breeding seasons. Determining the age of a turtle becomes increasingly difficult as the animal ages; ...Learn facts about the olive ridley sea turtle’s habitat, diet, life history, and more. Learn facts about the olive ridley sea turtle’s habitat, diet, life history, and more. ... Adult turtles are relatively small, averaging 2 to 2.5 feet (0.6 to 0.7 meters) in length and weighing 80 to 110 pounds (36 to 49 kilograms). The largest of these ...Average Lifespan: 30 – 40; up to 60 Oldest Known Example: Unknown ... it is believed that the green sea turtle is the oldest sea turtle species with an estimated lifespan of 80+ years. Green sea turtles are also the second largest sea turtles in the world, just behind the leatherback. Green sea turtles can grow up to 5 feet …As for the snapping turtles, the average size at age 1 is about 3-4 inches for the first year. ... Turtles generally enjoy a longer lifespan compared to the average human being. The 2022 data from CD shows that the average life expectancy in the US is 76.1 years. Hitting 100 years today is considered pure luck.It's not just the Galapagos Giant Tortoise size that's worth noting; it's also their age. They can live to be well over 100, with the oldest known to be 152! Turtle Lifespan by Species. Turtles’ lifespans range broadly between species. The Red-Eared Slider often lives between 20-30 years, while a Map Turtle may live up to 15. Larger species, like the Giant Tortoise, can exceed a century, with the Galapagos and Aldabra tortoises being prime examples. Wild vs Captive Lifespans. Wild Turtles ... Some tortoises can live up to 150 years, while the average lifespan of a turtle is around 20-40 years. Size: Tortoises are usually much larger than turtles. They can reach weights of up to 200 pounds and shell lengths of 4 feet or more. Turtles, on the other hand, are generally smaller, with most species weighing less than 20 pounds and having ...Like Hermann’s tortoises, Russian tortoises are a popular small to mid sized breed. Russians can reach a length of 25cm (10”) making them slightly smaller than Hermman’s tortoises, and as per the rule of thumb they live …Jun 17, 2020 ... Lifespan: Few sea turtles survive to adulthood. Sea turtles' natural lifespan is estimated to be 50 to 100 years. Threats: Over the last 200 ...Aug 9, 2023 ... Take turtles, for example—some species of this reptile can live for over 150 years! What can we learn from these long-lived creatures? In a ... The turtles, which according to airport authorities were believed to have entered the runway in order to nest, were removed and released back into the wild. A similar incident happened on June 29, 2011, when over 150 turtles crossed runway 4, closing the runway and disrupting air traffic. Those terrapins were also relocated safely. Average Lifespan of Turtles and Tortoises Factors Influencing Turtle Longevity Understanding Turtle Lifespan Variations The Longevity of Turtles in the Wild Sea …The average lifespan of a turtle varies due to several factors, but most can live well into their 50s. Turtles have a slow metabolic rate, which allows them to conserve energy and live longer than other animals. Age at Maturity. Turtles boast an incredibly long lifespan and are one of the oldest animals on Earth.May 11, 2021 ... Not only parrot but Banyan tree (upto 200-300 years) and they don't even show a single sign of senescence ( deteroiration with age) , Tortoise ( ... In this article, we will delve into the lifespan of pet turtles, exploring the average lifespan of different turtle species and the factors that can influence their longevity. We will also discuss the importance of proper care, including diet , habitat setup , and regular veterinary check-ups . The average lifespan of a captive-bred turtle is about 20 years, according to the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). Table of Contents. ... Depending on the species, turtles can live between 10 and 20 years. Turtles have a very short life span. They can live for only a few months to a couple of years before dying.The average lifespan of a captive red-eared slider is 10-15 years. Did you know that by following these simple steps, we can actually extend that to 20 years and in some cases even push 25+? You will be able to keep your pet happy and healthy for much longer than the average lifespan. Follow these easy steps and watch as they live an …The average salary for millennials is behind where their parents were at similar ages. Find out what impacts millennial wages and how to improve them. Calculators Helpful Guides Co...What is the average lifespan of a sea turtle? Sea turtles are known for their longevity, often living for several decades. On average, sea turtles can live between 50 and 80 years. However, some species have been known to exceed this range, with the oldest recorded sea turtle reaching an impressive age of 150 years.The lifespan of a painted turtle varies depending on whether it is wild or captive. In the wild, they can live anywhere from 20 to 40 years. The average lifespan is around 30 years. In captivity, they live for about 15 to 20 years. For many captive-kept species, the captive lifespan is longer than the wild due to factors such as …The Greek turtle is the most well-known species of pet tortoise (Testudo graeca). Surprisingly, these pet tortoises spend just 20 to 40 years in the wild and can live up to 90 years in captivity with proper care. ... The average lifespan is between 50 and 100 years for this tortoise species.What is average lifespan of turtle and tortoise : short answer 10 years to 70 years for pet turtles, more than 100 years in case of wild species. Small sized turtles are generally used as pets. Their lifespan is around 40 years. But big sized turtle species live more than 100 years. Lifespan of turtles varies from species to species.The Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) conducts and supports research to determine a person's risk of cancer and to find ways to reduce the risk. This knowledge is critical to mak...

Unlike other sea turtles, the bony shell of the leatherback is not visible. Instead it’s covered by a leathery layer of black or brown skin, hence the turtle’s name. ... Their average lifespan is unknown, but it’s thought to be at least 30 years. Conservation. Leatherback sea turtles are federally listed as endangered. Their biggest .... Game dev tycoon games

average lifespan of a turtle

Average Lifespan of Turtles and Tortoises Factors Influencing Turtle Longevity Understanding Turtle Lifespan Variations The Longevity of Turtles in the Wild Sea …Snapping turtles are one of the longest living turtle species in North America. Some snapping turtles can live up to 50 years in captivity and over 80 years in the wild. On average, most pet and wild snapping turtles live between 25-40 years. Their lifespan depends on factors like habitat, food availability, and health …If a turtle survives its first few years, you can bet it will live far longer than you thought. Here are some of the most common pet turtles, as well as their …Carpet cleaners can improve the hygiene, appearance, and lifespan of your carpets and upholstery. Read our guide to find the best carpet cleaner for your home. Expert Advice On Imp...The chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia) is a turtle native to the southeastern United States. ... This short lifespan means that the average female chicken turtle is active for fewer than ten breeding seasons. Determining the age of a turtle becomes increasingly difficult as the animal ages; ...The insect with the longest average lifespan is the African mound-building termite queen. The termite queen can survive for 60 years or more and lays about 35,000 eggs daily. A vas...Turtles and tortoises are known for living long lives in the right conditions. The red-eared slider is one of the most common pet turtles, and their lifespan fits the general expectation of longevity for turtles. So, if you have a pet red-eared slider, be prepared to have a pet for a long time. In captivity, their average …The common snapping turtle ( Chelydra serpentina) is known to reach a lifespan of 17.8 years on average, although it might survive to live up to 47 years! This needs to be considered before getting one as a pet. In addition to their long lifespan, they are also quite challenging to properly keep.If you're hoping to know your turtle's potential lifespan, first identify the species of your turtle. Red-eared sliders if cared for properly are likely to survive into their 30s. Tortoises can easily live past their 50s and even into their 80s, which means it’s quite possible that your turtle or tortoise will outlive you. Time to … See moreAug 21, 2023 · The lifespan of a painted turtle can range up to 50 years in captivity, making them potential lifelong companions, with an average lifespan of 25 to 30 years when properly cared for. As a popular choice for reptile enthusiasts, painted turtles are known for their docile nature and make excellent pets for both beginners and advanced hobbyists. The diamondback terrapin or simply terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is a species of terrapin native to the brackish coastal tidal marshes of the East Coast of the United States and the Gulf of Mexico coast, as well as in Bermuda. It belongs to the monotypic genus Malaclemys.It has one of the largest ranges of all turtles in …Per one study, breeding common snapping turtles were found to average 28.5 cm (11.2 in) in carapace length, 22.5 cm (8.9 in) in Plastron length and weigh about 6 kg (13 lb). [6] Males are larger than females, with almost all weighing in excess of 10 kg (22 lb) being male and quite old, as the species continues to grow throughout life. [7]On average, adult hawksbills weigh between 100 and 150 pounds (45 and 68 kilograms) and their shells grow to an average length 2.5 feet (0.8 meters). Range Hawksbill sea turtles are circumtropical, meaning they inhabit oceans, seas, and associated waters in tropical areas throughout the world..

Popular Topics